布鲁金斯学会：美国的半导体战略（英文版）

Christopher A. ThomasOCTOBER 2022A SEMICONDUCTOR STRATEGY FOR THE UNITED STATESFOREIGN POLICY AT BROOKINGS 1EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Semiconductors are the lifeblood of the digital economy. The semiconductor industry has moved to the foreground of political discourse both in the United States and other countries. The pushes from America’s economic rivals and the challenges faced by its own domestic industry, coupled with supply chain shortages, prompted calls for the U.S. government to “do something” to support the industry. The most visible response is the CHIPS Act, which allocates $39 billion in government funding for domestic semiconductor manufacturing facilities and billions more for semiconductor research and development (R&D) and workforce programs.1Many cite America’s declining share of semi-conductor manufacturing as the justification for such measures, with “unfair” subsidies by other countries as the root cause. Much of the debate has centered on evaluating what other countries ar