麦肯锡McKinsey2022年美国自由职业副业和零工趋势分析报告英文版8页

Freelance, side hustles, and gigs: Many more Americans have become independent workersIndependent work is booming, the American Opportunity Survey shows. For these workers and society, the upsides and drawbacks are all part of the gig.August 2022© Yongyuan Dai/Getty ImagesThis article is a collaborative effort by André Dua, Kweilin Ellingrud, Bryan Hancock, Ryan Luby, Anu Madgavkar, and Sarah Pemberton as part of ongoing McKinsey research to understand the perceptions of and barriers to economic opportunity in America. In the working world, a full-time job with one employer has been considered the norm for decades, but this model fails to describe how a significant share of the US workforce makes a living. In the latest iteration of McKinsey’s American Opportunity Survey (AOS), a remarkable 36 percent of employed respondents—equivalent to 58 million Americans when extrapolated from the representative sample—identify as independent workers. This figure represents a notable increase sin